When you’re enjoying a holiday by the Adriatic Sea, you might not realize that fascinating creatures live beneath the surface – sea sponges. These natural organisms are not only important to the ecosystem but are also known in Croatia as a traditional souvenir.
What is a sea sponge?
Sea sponges are natural organisms that live in seas and oceans and belong to the group of fungi (Phylum Porifera). They are interesting due to their diversity – they come in various shapes, sizes, and colors. Their bodies are porous, meaning they contain many small openings and channels through which water constantly flows.
How do sea sponges live?
These organisms feed by filtering microscopic particles from the water – they are filter-feeders. Water enters their body through small pores, flows through the channels, and exits the body of the sponge. This system allows them to gather nourishment while helping to clean the seawater.
What are they made of?
The body of a sea sponge is made up of collagen fibers, silicates, or calcium parts. Most sponges have a soft body, but some have harder structures that give them flexibility and stability.
Diversity of species
There are more than 5,000 species of sea sponges worldwide, many of which can be found in the Adriatic Sea. Some are only a few centimeters big, while others can grow to several meters in size.
Sea sponges in Croatia
The Croatian coastline, particularly around Zadar, Split, and Dubrovnik, is home to various types of sea sponges. The most famous is Spongia officinalis, which has traditionally been used for personal hygiene. Other common species include Cortex and Ircinia, which are part of the underwater ecosystem and are especially prevalent in areas with coral reefs and hidden coves.
Ecological significance
In addition to being visually interesting, sea sponges play an important role in the ecosystem. They filter the water, support biodiversity, and provide shelter for small marine organisms. As a result, their collection is now regulated to protect their natural environment.
A traditional souvenir from the Adriatic
While strolling through Croatian harbors, you may notice that natural sea sponges are sold as eco-friendly and practical souvenirs. They are used for body washing, dishwashing, or even as a bathroom accessory. They are soft, pleasant to the touch, and 100% natural.
Final Tip
If you’re planning a stay in Croatia, be sure to look out for a sea sponge as a unique souvenir. It’s a small but original piece of the Adriatic that you can take home as a reminder of your seaside holiday.